All About Vitamins: Vitamin B2 reduced Risk of in Insulin Resistance in Obesity

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
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Vitamin B2 deficiency may be associate to the development.of insulin resistance induced by the expression of pro-inflammatory activity of adipocyte the lipocytes and fat cells in obesity, the respectable institute study suggested.

Obesity is defined as a medical condition of excess body fat has accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height.

Vitamin B2 also known as Riboflavin, is a water-soluble, yellow-orange organic compound found abundantly in milk, meat, eggs, nuts, enriched flour, green vegetables, etc. The vitamin is essential for normal cellular growth and function and best known for converting energy from protein, fat, and carbohydrates during metabolism and its antioxidant effects in oxidation-reduction reactions.

Insulin resistance is the early stage of diabetes, affecting the levels of blood glucose in induced risk of developing heart disease.

In the study of the mouse 3T3 L1 preadipocytes differentiated to adipocyte and culture in the state of riboflavin deficiency (3.1nM) or control condition (10.4nM), treatment with vitamin B2 supplement improved mRNA expression in ameliorated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6) and adipokines functions in increased insulin resistance.

Dr. Mazur-Bialy AI, the lead author said, "in an obesity state, it participates in the induction of chronic systemic inflammation accompanied by pro-inflammatory cytokines and fatty acid elevation..... involved in, e.g., insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes or hyperlipidemia development".

Furthermore, in obese patients, a low dose of riboflavin (10.4-1000 nM) treatment attenuated the pro-inflammatory activity of adipocyte-macrophage expression in promoted obesity-related inflammation, the main cause of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus 2 or arteriosclerosis, according to the joint study lead by the Jagiellonian University Medical College.

Additionally, in animals induced hyperglycaemia by injection of streptozotocin, riboflavin supplementation improved the activity pancreas islet FAD-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in glucose utilization as well as inhibited B-cell dysfunction in text subjects.

The study also found that the efficacy of vitamin B12 in reduced blood glucose with out affected the enzymic defect of the syndrome.
Taking together, there is no doubt that vitamin B2 has played an important role in reduced risk of insulin resistance in the early onset of metabolic syndrome, including diabetes, heart disease.

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Sources
(1) Vitamin B2 deficiency enhances the pro-inflammatory activity of adipocyte, consequences for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome development by Mazur-Bialy AI1, Pocheć E2.(PubMed)
(2) Riboflavin Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Activation of Adipocyte-Macrophage Co-culture. Potential Application of Vitamin B2 Enrichment for Attenuation of Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome Development by Mazur-Bialy AI1, Pocheć E2.(PubMed)
(3)  Streptozotocin-induced FAD-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase suppression in pancreatic islets. Relationship with the severity and duration of hyperglycaemia and resistance to insulin or riboflavin treatment by Rasschaert J1, Malaisse WJ.(PubMed)